Founding Father of the Computer

In 1822 Charles Babbage  an English mathematician, philosopher, inventor, and mechanical engineer. Created the first computer known as a Difference Engine.

This Difference Engine is  an automatic mechanical calculator using many different forms of mathematical formulas to produce sets of numbers.

Jacquard’s Punch Card

Joseph Marie Jacquard in 1800 invented the loom also known as  Jaquard’s Loom is a device to weave cloth with a certain amount of pressure.  This simplified the process of manufacturing textiles with complex patterns. The loom is controlled by punched cards with punched holes, each row of which corresponds to one row of the design. Multiple rows of holes are punched on each card and the many cards that compose the design of the textile are strung together in order.

The Jacquard loom was the first machine to use punched cards to control a sequence of operations. Although it did no computation based on them, it is considered an important step in the history of computing hardware. The ability to change the pattern of the loom’s weave by simply changing cards was an important conceptual precursor to the development of computer programming. Specifically, Charles Babbage planned to use cards to store programs in his Analytical engine.

Johann Comes Alive

Enter Johann Gutenberg and movable type circa 1500 was responsible creating the printing press that used separate letter shapes to form the individual blocks of words that could be inked. This was a derivation of the Chinese printing methods over a half a millennium before. Gutenberg used this method to use singular letter shapes arranged together for printing pages of type. This allowed far more printing and less work to generate more pages at a lessen cost for the time.

printing press

Book Of Kells

With the invention of movable type by the Chinese, the use of papyrus from the Egyptians, the idea of books became more apparent. In Europe years after the fall of the Roman empire the first printed books were created by monks these early books were called codex. The first books were handmade craftsmanship built in monasteries, the books were called Illuminated Manuscripts. Here is the example from the book of Kells.